Macro Virus: These type of virus infects word, excel, PowerPoint, access and other data files. Once infected repairing of these files is very much difficult. Show
Master boot record files: MBR viruses are memory-resident viruses and copy itself to the first sector of a storage device which is used for partition tables or OS loading programs .A MBR virus will infect this particular area of Storage device instead of normal files. The easiest way to remove a MBR virus is to clean the MBR area, Boot sector virus: Boot sector virus infects the boot sector of a HDD or FDD. These are also memory resident in nature. As soon as the computer starts it gets infected from the boot sector. Cleaning this type of virus is very difficult. Multipartite virus: A hybrid of Boot and Program/file viruses. They infect program files and when the infected program is executed, these viruses infect the boot record. When you boot the computer next time the virus from the boot record loads in memory and then start infecting other program files on disk Polymorphic viruses: A virus that can encrypt its code in different ways so that it appears differently in each infection. These viruses are more difficult to detect. Stealth viruses: These types of viruses use different kind of techniques to avoid detection. They either redirect the disk head to read another sector instead of the one in which they reside or they may alter the reading of the infected file’s size shown in the directory listing. For example, the Whale virus adds 9216 bytes to an infected file; then the virus subtracts the same number of bytes (9216) from the size given in the directory. Skip to main content This browser is no longer supported. Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. How Microsoft identifies malware and potentially unwanted applications
In this articleMicrosoft aims to provide a delightful and productive Windows experience by working to ensure you're safe and in control of your devices. Microsoft helps protect you from potential threats by identifying and analyzing software and online content. When you download, install, and run software, we check the reputation of downloaded programs and ensure you're protected against known threats. You are also warned about software that is unknown to us. You can assist Microsoft by submitting unknown or suspicious software for analysis. This will help ensure that unknown or suspicious software is scanned by our system to start establishing reputation. Learn more about submitting files for analysis The next sections provide an overview of the classifications we use for applications and the types of behaviors that lead to that classification. Note New forms of malware and potentially unwanted applications are being developed and distributed rapidly. The following list may not be comprehensive, and Microsoft reserves the right to adjust, expand, and update these without prior notice or announcement. Unknown – Unrecognized softwareNo antivirus or protection technology is perfect. It takes time to identify and block malicious sites and applications, or trust newly released programs and certificates. With almost 2 billion websites on the internet and software continuously updated and released, it's impossible to have information about every single site and program. Think of Unknown/Uncommonly downloaded warnings as an early warning system for potentially undetected malware. There's generally a delay from the time new malware is released until it's identified. Not all uncommon programs are malicious, but the risk in the unknown category is much higher for the typical user. Warnings for unknown software aren't blocks. Users can choose to download and run the application normally if they wish to. Once enough data is gathered, Microsoft's security solutions can make a determination. Either no threats are found, or an application or software is categorized as malware or potentially unwanted software. MalwareMalware is the overarching name for applications and other code, like software, that Microsoft classifies more granularly as malicious software or unwanted software. Malicious softwareMalicious software is an application or code that compromises user security. Malicious software may steal your personal information, lock your device until you pay a ransom, use your device to send spam, or download other malicious software. In general, malicious software wants to trick, cheat, or defrauds users, placing them in vulnerable states. Microsoft classifies most malicious software into one of the following categories:
Unwanted softwareMicrosoft believes that you should have control over your Windows experience. Software running on Windows should keep you in control of your device through informed choices and accessible controls. Microsoft identifies software behaviors that ensure you stay in control. We classify software that doesn't fully demonstrate these behaviors as "unwanted software". Lack of choiceYou must be notified about what is happening on your device, including what software does and whether it's active. Software that exhibits lack of choice might:
Software must not mislead or coerce you into making decisions about your device. It is considered behavior that limits your choices. In addition to the previous list, software that exhibits lack of choice might:
Software that stores or transmits your activities or data must:
Lack of controlYou must be able to control software on your device. You must be able to start, stop, or otherwise revoke authorization to software. Software that exhibits lack of control might:
Software that changes your browsing experience must only use the browser's supported extensibility model for installation, execution, disabling, or removal. Browsers that don't provide supported extensibility models are considered non-extensible and shouldn't be modified. Installation and removalYou must be able to start, stop, or otherwise revoke authorization given to software. Software should obtain your consent before installing, and it must provide a clear and straightforward way for you to install, uninstall, or disable it. Software that delivers poor installation experience might bundle or download other "unwanted software" as classified by Microsoft. Software that delivers poor removal experience might:
Advertising and advertisementsSoftware that promotes a product or service outside of the software itself can interfere with your computing experience. You should have clear choice and control when installing software that presents advertisements. The advertisements that are presented by software must:
The software that presents these advertisements must:
Advertisements shown to you must:
Consumer opinionMicrosoft maintains a worldwide network of analysts and intelligence systems where you can submit software for analysis. Your participation helps Microsoft identify new malware quickly. After analysis, Microsoft creates Security intelligence for software that meets the described criteria. This Security intelligence identifies the software as malware and are available to all users through Microsoft Defender Antivirus and other Microsoft antimalware solutions. Potentially unwanted application (PUA)Our PUA protection aims to safeguard user productivity and ensure enjoyable Windows experiences. This protection helps deliver more productive, performant, and delightful Windows experiences. For instruction on how to enable PUA protection in Chromium-based Microsoft Edge and Microsoft Defender Antivirus, see Detect and block potentially unwanted applications. PUAs are not considered malware. Microsoft uses specific categories and the category definitions to classify software as a PUA.
FeedbackSubmit and view feedback for What is a program disguised in another program is called?A Trojan horse is designed to appear as a legitimate software program to gain access to a system. Once activated following installation, Trojans can execute their malicious functions. Spyware collects information and data on the device and user, as well as observes the user's activity without their knowledge.
What spyware means?Spyware is loosely defined as malicious software designed to enter your computer device, gather data about you, and forward it to a third-party without your consent. Spyware can also refer to legitimate software that monitors your data for commercial purposes like advertising.
What is malicious code?What is malicious code? Malicious code is unwanted files or programs that can cause harm to a computer or compromise data stored on a computer. Various classifications of malicious code include viruses, worms, and Trojan horses.
What do you call that program that harm the computer?Malware is a shortened term for "malicious software." Malware is software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer without the owner's consent or knowledge.
|