Which of the following terms is used to describe a chronic liver disease in which scar tissue surrounds the portal areas?

• 1. 

  Inhaltsverzeichnis Show

  • Which term is used to describe chronic liver disease in which scar tissue is surrounding the portal areas *?
  • What is the name of the liver disease which causes scarring?
  • What is the term for chronic liver disease?
  • How does scar tissue affect the liver?

  The nurse is caring for a male client with cirrhosis. Which of the following assessment findings indicate that the client has deficient vitamin K absorption caused by this hepatic disease?

  • A. 

    Dyspnea and fatigue

  • B. 

    Ascites and orthopnea

  • C. 

    Purpura and petechiae

  • D. 

    Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy

• 2. 

  A man is admitted to the nursing care unit with a diagnosis of cirrhosis. He has a history of alcohol dependence. In the late evening following his admission, the patient becomes increasingly disoriented and agitated. What would the patient be least likely to experience? 

  • A. 

    Diaphoresis and tremors.

  • B. 

    Increased blood pressure and heart rate.

  • C. 

    Illusions.

  • D. 

    Delusions of grandeur.

• 3. 

  Nurse Juvy is taking care of a patient with cirrhosis of the liver. To lessen the effects of the disorder, the nurse teaches the patient about foods high in thiamine. The nurse determines that the patient has the best understanding of the dietary measures to follow if the client states an intention to increase the intake of: 

  • A. 

    Pork

  • B. 

    Milk

  • C. 

    Chicken

  • D. 

    Broccoli

• 4. 

  Which term is used to describe a chronic liver disease in which scar tissue is surrounding the portal areas?

  • A. 

    Alcoholic cirrhosis

  • B. 

    Postnecrotic cirrhosis

  • C. 

    Biliary cirrhosis

  • D. 

    Compensated cirrhosis

• 5. 

  A male client with a history of cirrhosis and alcoholism is admitted to the hospital with severe dyspnea resulting in ascites. The nurse must be aware that the ascites are most likely the result of increased

  • A. 

    Pressure in the portal vein

  • B. 

    Production of serum albumin

  • C. 

    Secretion of bile salts

  • D. 

    Interstitial osmotic pressure

• 6. 

  A client with advanced cirrhosis of the liver is not tolerating protein well, as tested by abnormal laboratory values. Does the nurse anticipate that what medications will be prescribed for the client? 

  • A. 

    lactulose (Chronulac)

  • B. 

    ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)

  • C. 

    folic acid (Folvite)

  • D. 

    thiamine (Vitamin B1)

• 7. 

  The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis of the liver, which has developed esophageal varices. Does the nurse understand that the best explanation for the development of esophageal varices is which of the following?

  • A. 

    Chronic low serum protein levels result in inadequate tissue repair, allowing the esophageal wall to weaken.

  • B. 

    The enlarged liver presses on the diaphragm, which in turn presses on the esophageal wall, causing the collapse of blood vessels into the esophageal lumen.

  • C. 

    Increased portal pressure causes some of the blood that normally circulates through the liver to be shunted to the esophageal vessels, increasing their pressure and causing varicosities.

  • D. 

    The enlarged liver displaces the esophagus toward the left, tearing the muscle layer of the esophageal blood vessels, which allows small aneurysms to form along the lower esophageal vessels.

• 8. 

  Nurse Cynthia is providing discharge teaching to a client with chronic cirrhosis. His wife asks her to explain why there is so much emphasis on bleeding precautions. Which of the following provides the most appropriate response? 

  • A. 

    “The low protein diet will result in reduced clotting.”

  • B. 

    “The increased production of bile decreases clotting factors.”

  • C. 

    “The liver affected by cirrhosis is unable to produce clotting factors.”

  • D. 

    “The required medications reduce clotting factors.”

• 9. 

  A Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is inserted in an effort to stop the bleeding esophageal varices in a patient with complicated liver cirrhosis. Upon insertion of the tube, the client complains of the difficulty of breathing. The first action of the nurse is to: 

  • A. 

    Deflate the esophageal balloon

  • B. 

    Monitor VS

  • C. 

    Encourage him to take deep breaths

  • D. 

    Notify the MD

• 10. 

  A client with cirrhosis is at risk for developing complications. Which condition is the most serious and potentially life-threatening?  

  • A. 

    Esophageal varices

  • B. 

    Ascites

  • C. 

    Peripheral edema

  • D. 

    Asterixis (liver flap)

• 11. 

  Situation: Mr. Gonzales was admitted to the hospital with ascites and jaundice. To rule out cirrhosis of the liver: Which laboratory test indicates liver cirrhosis?  

  • A. 

    Decreased red blood cell count

  • B. 

    Decreased serum acid phosphate level

  • C. 

    Elevated white blood cell count

  • D. 

    Elevated serum aminotransferase

• 12. 

  Situation: Mr. Gonzales was admitted to the hospital with ascites and jaundice. To rule out cirrhosis of the liver: The biopsy of Mr. Gonzales confirms the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Mr. Gonzales is at increased risk for excessive bleeding primarily because of:

  • A. 

    Impaired clotting mechanism

  • B. 

    Varix formation

  • C. 

    Inadequate nutrition

  • D. 

    The trauma of invasive procedure

• 13. 

  Mr. Gonzales develops hepatic encephalopathy. Which clinical manifestation is most common with this condition?

  • A. 

    Increased urine output

  • B. 

    Altered level of consciousness

  • C. 

    Decreased tendon reflex

  • D. 

    Hypotension

• 14. 

  A nurse is completing an assessment of a client with cirrhosis. Which of the following nursing assessment is important to notify the physician? 

  • A. 

    Expanding ecchymosis

  • B. 

    Ascites and serum albumin of 3.2 g/dl

  • C. 

    Slurred speech

  • D. 

    Hematocrit of 37% and hemoglobin of 12g/dl

• 15. 

  A male client with cirrhosis is complaining of belly pain, itchiness and his breasts are getting larger and also the abdomen. The client is so upset because of the discomfort and asks the nurse why his breast and abdomen are getting larger. Which of the following is the appropriate nursing response? 

  • A. 

    “How much of a difference have you noticed.”

  • B. 

    “It’s part of the swelling your body is experiencing.”

  • C. 

    “It’s probably because you have been less physically active.”

  • D. 

    “Your liver is not destroying estrogen hormones that all men produce.”

• 16. 

  Which of the following findings would strongly indicate the possibility of cirrhosis? 

  • A. 

    Dry skin

  • B. 

    Hepatomegaly

  • C. 

    Peripheral edema

  • D. 

    Pruritus

• 17. 

  Which of the following is NOT a liver function?

  • A. 

    Conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage

  • B. 

    Conversion of conjugated bile to unconjugated bile

  • C. 

    Regulation blood coagulation

  • D. 

    Production of bile salts

  • E. 

    Conversion of ammonia to urea

• 18. 

  What is the normal liver span?

  • A. 

    8-13cm

  • B. 

    2-3cm

  • C. 

    1 foot

  • D. 

    6-12cm

• 19. 

  The left hepatic vein divides the left lobe into

  • A. 

    Medial and lateral lobes

  • B. 

    Anterior and posterior halves

  • C. 

    Superior and inferior halves

  • D. 

    Left and right parts of left lobe

• 20. 

  The left lobe occupies

  • A. 

    Right and left hypochondrium

  • B. 

    Epigastrium and some left hypochondrium

  • C. 

    Right hypochondrium and epigastrium

  • D. 

    Epigastrium and umbilicus

• 21. 

  The right lobe of the liver occupies epigastrium.

  • A. 

    True

  • B. 

    False

• 22. 

  The fundus of the stomach in relationship to the liver

  • A. 

    Posterior and superior to right lobe

  • B. 

    Anterior and lateral to left lobe

  • C. 

    Posterior and lateral to left lobe

  • D. 

    Inferior to left lobe

• 23. 

  Ultrasound is the best modality to differentiate a liver cyst from a solid mass

  • A. 

    True

  • B. 

    False

• 24. 

  Right hepatic vein divides right lobe of the liver into anterior and posterior halves.

  • A. 

    True

  • B. 

    False

• 25. 

  What separates the right lobe from the left lobe?

  • A. 

    Falciform ligament

  • B. 

    Right hepatic vein

  • C. 

    Ligament teres

  • D. 

    Portal vein

Which term is used to describe chronic liver disease in which scar tissue is surrounding the portal areas *?

What is the name of the liver disease which causes scarring?

What is the term for chronic liver disease?

How does scar tissue affect the liver?