Which of the following themes is a usual element in the process of social redefinition Quizlet

Terms in this set (72)

○A double shift or two-edged sword: gain privilege, but also more
responsibilities and more expectations, e.g., paying bills, community
services.
○Interpersonal: sometimes treated as an adult, but sometimes as a child,
which can be confusing.
○Economic
○Political (for example, they can vote, drive, serve in the military)
○Legal (drinking, voting etc; juvenile processed in juvenile court system for
crimes).

■Crowds: large, loosely defined, members share some mutual interest, dissipate when transitioning to adulthood.
■Cliques: smaller, members share intimacy.
■Friendships: even smaller, mutual attraction.
○ Crowd names, groups at school (jocks, preps, nerds, theater, emos,
skater kids, potheads, blondtourage, soccer girls, dixie highway, rednecks,
dealers, ROTC kids, band, etc)

■Colonial America: Societal view of adolescents' misbehaviors in colonial America as equivalent to sin (violations against God's
laws), the remedy for which was to separate children/adolescents
from their parents and place with masters, who would help correct those misbehaviors, up until the age of 21.
■Puritans had mixed feelings about children and youth.
■Laws of colony were laws of God. One way to treat misbehaving against God's rules, was punishment.
○19thCentury:
■ Child Savers Movement (modern day social workers), led by
wealthy, educated, often women, was seeking to "save" kids from existing norms of understanding their misbehaviors in order to find
the alternative ways of treatment other than punishment such as socialization, moral training, rehabilitation, and reformation. The movement finally resulted into creating new institutions,
reformatories.
■In 1899 the first juvenile justice court was established in Chicago.
■The state took the power and responsibility to provide protection for
dependent, delinquent and neglected children, and to provide appropriate care or supervision. Thus, the name parens patriae ("parenting by the state").
■The child was sent to institutions until he/she was an adult. The goal was to reform youth

Key: focuses on a variety of behaviors.
■ Problem behavior syndrome
Problem behavior: anything that is socially defined as a problem, source of concern, or as undesirable based on social norms orconventions of the society.
■Definition: If you are more likely to engage in one problem behavior, you are also more likely to engage in other problem behaviors.
■ Framed currently by risk and protective factors: biology, social environment, perceived environment, personality, and behavior. If risk factors exceed protective factors, one is more likely to engage
in problem behaviors.
■Very comprehensive theory, explains a lot with many variables,thus not very "elegant" (which would be to explain a lot with very little). In fact, it is better when a theory explains a lot with a little
(aka, parsimony). This theory is not parsimonious.
■3 main categories of influence: antecedent variables, social-psychological variables, and social-behavioral variables

○Main Focus: the construct of low self-control
○Inability to delay of gratification, impulsivity, short-sightedness, no regard for consequences of behavior
○ Four elements necessary to develop "good" self-control (emotionally close bond with parents, effective monitoring, recognizing problem or deviant behaviors, correcting problem behavior by punishment); admit to individual differences present at birth, but focus on what can change or be changed, socialization, primarily in the family. This happens during first decade of
life. Secondary socialization in school or by peers, other adults etc.
○ Offender versatility: individuals with low self-control are likely to conduct all kinds of delinquency.
○Opportunity is another important part of the theory that interacts with low self-control.

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