Which of the following sets of maps would help explain how scale of inquiry affects truth?

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AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY THE REVIEW Unit I: Geography: Its Nature and Perspective Identify each type of map: 1.

Figure 1 This map is NOT to scale! :)

2.

ROBINSON GOODE’S

3.

AZIMUTHAL / STEREOGRAPHIC

4.

MERCATOR

MATCH THE FOLLOWING: 5. a computer system that stores, organizes, retrieves, analyzes, and displays geographic data

a. cultural diffusion

6. the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans

b. cultural ecology

7. the spread of an idea or innovation from its source

c. cultural landscape

8. interactions between human societies and the physical environment

d. environmental determinism

9. a space-based global navigation satellite system

e. GIS

10. the physical environment, rather than social conditions, determines culture

f. GPS

11. the small- or large-scale acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon, either in recording or real time

g. remote sensing

CHOOSE THE ONE THAT DOES NOT BELONG: 12. a. township and range pattern

b. clustered rural settlement

13. a. site

b. situation

14. a. latitude and longitude location

b. site

15. a. globalization

c. its relative location c. situation

b. nationalism d. multinational corporations

16. a. major airport

c. grid street

c. foreign investment

b. grid street pattern d. natural harbor

17. a. Westernization

d. absolute

c. major central park

e. public sports facility

b. uniform consumption preferences

c. enhanced communications

d. local traditions 18. a. time zones

b. China

c. United States railroads

d. 15 degrees

MATCH THE FOLLOWING (SOME REGIONS HAVE MORE THAN ONE ANSWER): 19. formal region 20. functional region 21. vernacular region

a. New Jersey b. the West Essex Tribune c. New York d. the South e. an airline hub f. Rust Belt

22. The “why of where” refers to a. geography’s emphasis on landscape features. b. spatial patterns on the landscape. c. a definition of geography that is simply locational. d. the idea that the explanation of a spatial pattern is crucial. e. the depiction of a region’s physical features.

23. Which of the following sets of maps would help explain how scale of inquiry affects truth? a. maps showing the area of France before and after surveying b. maps of Hudson Bay drawn by Native Americans and by the earliest European travelers This shows change by perspective c. maps showing Michigan’s population density by counties and the United States population density by state d. maps showing the number of auto thefts per block in Seattle in the decades before and after the Great Depression This shows change over time e. maps of gang graffiti in Philadelphia This shows different gang graffiti within the same city space.

Unit II: Population and Migration Label each of the following population pyramids as Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4 or Stage 5 of the demographic transition:

24. STAGE 2

25. STAGE 3

27. STAGE 3

28. STAGE 4

26. STAGE 4

29. STAGE 5

LABEL EACH OF THE FOLLOWING DETROIT, MI; LAREDO, TX; LAWRENCE, KS; NAPLES, FL; UNALASKA, AK; OR USA:

30.

31.

32. NAPLES, FL

33. UNALASKA, AK

34.LAWRENCE, KS

35.

MATCH THE FOLLOWING: 36. the ability of a resource base to sustain its Population

a. brain drain

37. a population shift from urban to rural areas

b. carrying capacity

38. the number of working-age people compared to the number of people too old or too young to work

c. chain migration

d. counterurbanization 39. migration within a state 40. migration between states

e. dependency ratio

41. the difference between in-migration and outmigration

f. external migration

42. the process by which immigrants from a particular place follow others from that place to another place

g. infant mortality rate

43. flight of talented people away from an area

h. internal migration

44. CBR-CDR per thousand

i. natural increase rate

45. number of children a woman is likely to have

j. net migration

46. number of deaths under the age of 2 per thousand

k. total fertility rate

CHOOSE THE CAUSE OF THE OTHER TWO: 47. a. water b. population growth 48.

c. agriculture

a. Columbus discovers America b. crops exchanged between the Western and Eastern hemisphere c. millions of Native Americans are killed by disease

49. a. one-child policy

b. poverty

c. overpopulation

50. a. poverty

b. drug trafficking

c. guest workers

51.

a. high standard of living b. large metropolitan population c. Stage 3 of the demographic transition

CHOOSE THE EFFECT OF THE OTHER TWO: 52. a. poverty b. war 53. a. racism 1960s

c. migration

b. exclusion of non-white immigrants c. quota laws from the 1920s to the

54. a. young age structure 55. a. cold weather the coast

b. not married

b. warm coastal waters

56. a. increased trade

c. high level of migration

c. population clusters near the equator and

b. rich natural resources c. population cluster on the coast

IDENTIFY EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AS A “PULL” FACTOR OR A “PUSH” FACTOR: 57. ethnic cleansing PUSH

60. war PUSH

58. natural disaster PUSH

61. chain migration PULL

59. available jobs PULL

62. overpopulation PUSH

UNIT III: CULTURAL PATTERNS AND PROCESSES Classify each of the following religions as monotheistic or polytheistic and ethnic or universalizing, and indicate their hearth region. RELIGION/ HEARTH Buddhism

MONO OR POLYTHEISTIC? No god

ETHNIC OR HEARTH REGION UNIVERSALIZING? UNIVERSALIZING Check Map from Religion Unit 

Hinduism

Polytheistic

ETHNIC

Islam

Monotheistic

UNIVERSALIZING

Judaism

Monotheistic

ETHNIC

Mormonism

Monotheistic

UNIVERSALIZING

Orthodox Christianity

Monotheistic

UNIVERSALIZING

Protestantism

Monotheistic

UNIVERSALIZING

Roman Catholicism

Monotheistic

UNIVERSALIZING

MATCH THE FOLLOWING: 75. fragmentation of a region into smaller units a. Balkanization 76. a common language b. Cape Cod 77. an example of ethnic nationalism c. feng shui 78. an example of linguistic nationalism d. Gaelic 79. an example of linguistic fragmentation e. lingua franca 80. an example of how religion can influence geography

f. Nunavut

81. minority branch of Islam but majority in Iraq and Iran

g. Scandinavian

82. architectural style that diffused from New England to the Great Lakes

h. Shiite

IDENTIFY EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AS A CENTRIPETAL FORCE OR A CENTRIFUGAL FORCE: 83. uneven development

CENTRIFUGAL

84. substate nationalism

CENTRIPETAL

85. linguistic homogeneity

CENTRIPETAL

86. a strong tradition of local governance

CENTRIFUGAL

87. national symbols

CENTRIPETAL

88. compact state

CENTRIPETAL

89. fragmented state

CENTRIFUGAL

90. external threats

CENTRIFUGAL

CLASSIFY EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AS FOLK CULTURE OR POPULAR CULTURE 91. the Amish

FOLK CULTURE

92. sports

POP CULTURE

93. small scale

FOLK CULTURE

94. large scale

POP CULTURE

95. slow change

FOLK CULTURE

96. rapid change

POP CULTURE

97. relocation diffusion

FOLK CULTURE

98. cultural homogeneity

POP CULTURE

99. traditional diet

FOLK CULTURE

100. McDonalds

POP CULTURE

101. blue jeans

POP CULTURE

102. modern communication

POP CULTURE

104. If four languages have similar words for numbers and the names of fish, but different names for a certain disease, what might be concluded about the time at which the disease first diffused? a. The disease spread among a population that later divided and evolved into four different languages. b. The population divided and evolved into the four different languages, and then the disease spread. c. The disease spread to two different populations that later divided into different languages. d. The disease and language spread to four different regions at the same time at the same rate. e. No conclusion is possible

Unit IV: Political Organization of Space 110. Put the following in order from the largest to the smallest: census tract, county, municipality, nation-state, province, empire. EMPIRE NATION-STATE PROVINCE COUNTY MUNICIPALITY CENSUS TRACT 111. Identify the differences between a state, a nation, and a nation-state SEE NOTES

MATCH THE FOLLOWING (SOME STATES HAVE MORE THAN ONE ANSWER): 125. unitary state a. Canada 126. federal state b. France 128. devolution c. Germany f. USA

MATCH THE FOLLOWING: 132. model that demonstrates the transfer of resources from less developed to more developed areas a. core-periphery 133. the fringe of a state b. enclave 134. land beyond a border c. frontier 135. the node of a state d. gerrymandering 136. an area the retains a distinction from a larger area 137. manipulating boundaries for political gain 138. an area rather than a line

e. heartland f. hinterland g. rimland

LABEL EACH BOUNDARY PHYSICAL OR CULTURAL AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE BOUNDARY PHYSICAL OR CULTURAL EXAMPLE 139. mountain

PHYSICAL

140. language

CULTURAL

141. religion

CULTURAL

142. river

PHYSICAL

143. geometric

CULTURAL

144. the Green Line CULTURAL

LABEL EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AS PRIMARY, SECONDARY, TERTIARY, OR QUATERNARY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: 181. extract natural resources from the environment

PRIMARY

182. transform raw materials into finished products

SECONDARY

183. involve the collection, processing, and manipulation of information

QUARTERNARY

184. involve the exchange of goods and the provision of services

TERTIARY

185. involve the production of fresh produce for urban markets

PRIMARY

INDICATE THE COUNTRY OR COUNTRIES: 186. NAFTA CANADA US MEXICO 187. highest consumption of fossil fuels per capita UNITED STATES 188. the Four Asian Tigers HONG KONG, SINGAPORE, TAIWAN, SOUTH KOREA 189. maquiladoras MEXICO

ASSUME A STAGE 5 COUNTRY AND INDICATE IF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE HIGH OR LOW: 200. standard of living

HIGH

201. CBR

LOW

202. CDR 203 NIR

LOW LOW

204. life expectancy

HIGH

205. literacy

HIGH

206. GDP

HIGH

207. GEM

HIGH

208. pollution

LOW

209. job in the informal sector

LOW

MATCH THE FOLLOWING: 210. banking, finance, insurance

a. Brazil

211. deforestation

b. chlorofluorocarbons

212. desertification

c. Mexico City

213. ecotourism

d. national parks

214. ozone depletion

e. New York, London, and Tokyo

215. smog

f. Sahel

UNIT VII: CITIES AND URBAN LAND USE Label each country with either the rank-size rule or the primate city rule: 221. Canada

RANK SIZE

222. France

PRIMATE

223. Germany

RANK SIZE

224. India

RANK SIZE

225. South Korea

PRIMATE

226. United States

RANK SIZE

MATCH THE FOLLOWING: 236. export primarily to consumers outside the Settlement

a. basic industries b. CBD

237. sell to people within the settlement c. central plaza 238. basic industries minus non-basic industries

d. economic base

239. related to talent

e. human capital

240. related to the level of services provided

f. intervening opportunities

241. center of Latin American cities

g. non-basic industries

242. provided to people by government

h. public housing

243. downtown i. squatter settlement 244. the presence of which greatly diminishes the attractiveness of site farther away 245. illegal occupation of a residential district

j. urban hierarchy