(PSY-2-80404) Terms in this set (50)People very quickly adapt to the procedures and behaviors appropriate at a birthday party. General knowledge of what to expect and how to behave at a birthday is called: - script or schema script or schema In a cross-sectional study related to developmental psychology,... - a number of people are assessed at one point in time a number of people are assessed at one point in time ________ is a form of problem solving in which the organism develops a sudden understanding of a problem's solution - Insight learning Insight learning The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them is known as ... -
confirmation bias confirmation bias The body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium, or steady state, is known as ... - equity homeostasis According to Gardner's multiple intelligences, which of the following frames of mind describes the ability to think three-dimensionally? - spatial spatial ________ is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable actions and responses. - Humanism Behaviorism Which of the following is true of implicit memory? - Implicit memory is related to nonconsciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions. Implicit memory is related to nonconsciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions
________ are differences between individuals that stem not necessarily from their ages but from the historical period and society in which they were born and developed. - Longitudinal effects Cohort effects Motivated forgetting and repressed memories are usually associated with what type of memories? - flashbulb
memories traumatic memories According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, we seek to fulfill our need for love and belongingness ... - after our basic physiological and safety needs are met. after our basic physiological and safety needs are met Which of the following involves memory for skills? - procedural memory procedural memory People's decisions are likely to be biased because they tend to seek out and listen to others whose views confirm their views while they avoid those with dissenting views. This is a characteristic of ... - hindsight bias. confirmation bias Sarah feels sick every time she travels by air. She associates flying with physical illness and, as a result, hates air travel. She also finds it difficult to watch movies with airplanes or read books about airplanes because they make her uncomfortable. This scenario illustrates the learning process of ... - observational learning. classical conditioning ________ is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an innately meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response. -
Operant conditioning Classical conditioning Attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery are all part of ________ processes. - encoding encoding ________ includes the systems involved in procedural memory, classical conditioning, and priming. - Explicit memory Implicit memory A six-year-old child with a mental age of 6 would have an IQ of ... - 60 100 Which of the following is true of concepts? -
Concepts complicate the memory process. Concepts provide clues about how to react to a particular object or experience Before the bell was ever presented, Pavlov's dog salivated each time food was presented. In this situation, salivation was the ... - conditioned stimulus. unconditioned response Chunking involves ... - quickly scanning information for relevant details. reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller more meaningful units Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding? - Divided attention is not likely to impede an individual's ability to pay attention to a specific aspect of an experience. Divided attention can be especially detrimental to the process of encoding information Francisco, a soccer enthusiast, watches a soccer match. While discussing the match with his friends, he is able to remember the first and the last players to receive a yellow card from the referee but not the other players who received yellow cards in the middle of the match. This tendency of Francisco to recall only the first and the last players to receive a yellow card best illustrates ... - the serial position effect. the serial position effect According to Erikson's theory of socioemotional development, the first 18 months of life are devoted to mastering which developmental task? - industry vs. inferiority trust vs. mistrust Which of the following scenarios best illustrates multitasking? - Logan writing down his
academic goals for the current semester James surfing the Web and texting while doing his homework Basketball, football, baseball, and soccer all fit into the ________ of sports. - morpheme concept Having a better memory for items at the beginning of a list demonstrates the ________, whereas having a better memory for items at the end of a list demonstrates the ________. - metamemory effect; flashbulb memory effect primacy effect; recency effect According to ________ there are three forms of intelligence, whereas according to ________ there are nine types of intelligence. - Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences; Sternberg's triarchic theory Sternberg's triarchic theory; Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences Which of the following is true of development? - Development requires that we take into account the contributions of a person's biological inheritance without considering the environment. Development is the product of nature, nurture, and the complex interaction of the two. Which of the following is true of brain structures and memory functions in long-term memory? - The same area of the brain is involved in the functioning of implicit and explicit memory. The amygdala, a part of the limbic system, is involved in emotional memories. ________ is the activation of information that people already have in storage to help them remember new information better and faster. - Skill memory Priming When individuals engage in a behavior because they enjoy it, they ... - are extrinsically motivated. are intrinsically motivated In the context of creative thinking, ________ produces many solutions to the same problem. - convergent thinking divergent thinking Little Albert was conditioned by John Watson to fear a white rat. Eventually, however, Albert became fearful of any stimulus that looked white and furry. He became scared not only of rats, but also of rabbits, dogs, and even sealskin coats. This study illustrates ... - stimulus generalization in classical conditioning. stimulus generalization in classical conditioning ________ states that memory storage involves three separate systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. - Ebbinghaus's curve of forgetting The Atkinson-Shiffrin theory Vince suffered serious brain injury to his cerebellum in a motorcycle accident. What effect will this have on Vince's life? - He probably won't remember how to ride his
motorcycle. He probably won't remember how to ride his motorcycle In Pavlov's classic study on classical conditioning, the bell was a ________ before conditioning and became a(n) ________ after conditioning had occurred. - conditioned stimulus; neutral stimulus neutral stimulus; conditioned stimulus Which of the following is true of short-term memory? - It is made up of explicit and implicit memory. It is improved by chunking and rehearsal techniques In operant conditioning, - which is a form of respondent behavior, behavior occurs in automatic response to a stimulus. the consequences of behavior produce change in the probability of the behavior's occurrence The strange situation test is used to assess an infant's ... - level of moral development. style of attachment The highest and most elusive of Maslow's needs is ... - safety. self-actualization. Dennis works as a salesman at a large retail store. He is happily married and lives in a safe neighborhood. He earns enough money to eat and provide for his family. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs is Dennis most likely to fulfill next? - esteem esteem In the context of human development, ________ refers to an individual's environmental and social experiences. - genealogy nurture The process by which a stimulus or an event following a particular behavior increases the probability that the behavior will happen again is called ... - specialization. reinforcement Which of the following refers to the conscious recollection of information, such as specific facts and events and, at least in humans, information that can be verbally communicated? - sensory memory declarative memory Asking an eyewitness to describe a suspect's physical appearance to a sketch artist would be an example of a ________ task, whereas asking an eyewitness to identify a suspect on the basis of a lineup of five possible assailants is an example of a ________ task. - recall; recognition recall; recognition A(n) ________ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem. - fixation algorithm Which of the following is a difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies? - Cross-sectional studies
deal with people of the same age, whereas longitudinal studies deal with people belonging to different age groups. Cross-sectional studies assess people at one point in time, whereas longitudinal studies assess people over a long period of time Intellectual disability is a condition of limited mental ability in which an individual has an IQ of ________ and has difficulty adapting to everyday life. - 110 70 or below If a child's mental age is higher than his or her chronological age, this means that ... - the child's IQ is above average. the child's IQ is above average Students also viewedchapter 6 & 7 quiz: IVY psychology44 terms belle_wolters PSY Chapter 8 Study Guide150 terms cm281288 Psych Ch 7 & 8 AT HOME QUESTIONS67 terms Jacey_Fuller Final review50 terms Vallesyulissa4 Other Quizlet setsEbio Unit4: Ecosystem/Biosphere13 terms mjessee13 Vocabulary #2- Antonyms- 2015-1610 terms julie50 market failure and govenment intervention12 terms lisawgu CDC set B VOLUME 1 & 2149 terms rhianna_kriska Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory and?Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding? A) Divided attention involves concentrating on different activities, one activity at a time.
Which is an example of a divided attention task quizlet?When a person's attention is divided, one's brain is switching back and forth between tasks rather than distributing attention among all the tasks at the same time. Attempting to both study and watch television is an example of divided attention.
What is the role of attention in memory quizlet?The first step in getting information into memory is to pay attention to it. Attention involves focusing awareness on narrowed range of stimuli or events. Usually, attention is likened to a filter in an information-processing model of memory the filter screens out most stimuli, while allowing a select few to get by.
Which part of the memory process is most affected by attention?After gathering information, the attention funnel feeds it into the brain's short-term storage bucket. This is where new information is first held. Experts call this process “encoding.” This is also where the brain manipulates new information so it's useful. This process is called “working memory.”
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Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding quizlet?
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