what are the three things the frontal lobe is responsible for?
- complex thought
- planning control of movement
- map of bodies muscle
what three things is the parietal lobe responsible for?
- touch
- spatial awareness
- map of body's skin surface
what is the occipital lobe responsible for?
what two things is the temporal lobe responsible for?
- hearing
- object memory
what two things is the insular lobe responsible for?
- taste
- awareness of internal organs
what is the occipital lobe responsible for?
- vision
a stroke in either two regions of the brain that can impair spoken communication
what are wernicke's aphasia symptoms
- saying many words that don't make sense
- unable to understand meaning of words
- able to speak in long sentences but they don't make sense
- using the wrong words
- trouble writing
- frustration
what is wernicke's aphasia?
damage to the temporal lobe that renders the person unable to form coherent sentences with words that make sense together.
What area of the brain may have contributed to HM's (seizure dude) difficulties?
- temporal lobe and hippocampus which are both responsible for long term memory which HM struggled with.
what area of the brain is disrupted by hemispatial neglect?
what is the somatotopic map in the somatosensory cortex?
our sense of touch is mapped on the somatosensory cortex on the border of the parietal lobe, next to the frontal lob
a sense of where and how our body is moving?
how does the frontal lobe execute our intentions?
the motor cortex in the frontal lobe next to the somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobe. it is responsible for movement/intentions execution
what is broca's aphasia and where is it located?
damage to broca's area in prefrontal cortex. Person with Broca's Aphasia can't speak properly. the motor pathway of conscious control of mouth, throat, and tongue is impaired.
what are the functions that the prefrontal cortex regulates?
- evaluation fo our options and consequences
- self control
- planning
- effect
- executive function
how is the insula different from other lobes
- monitors information from the interior of the body
- interoception: your brains representation of sensations within the body
how are the subcortical regions different from the cortex?
- group of diverse neural formations deep within deep within the brain
- support memory, emotions, motivations
what is the limbic system? what is it responsible for?
- the part of behavioral and emotional responses
- hippocampus and amygdala are part of the limbic system
- responsible for representing and distinguishing different times and places
individual neurons in the hippocampus selectively fire to represent a particular area in the world
the hippocampus is essential in forming what types of memories?
- what happened, when and where?
what is the amygdala? and what is its function?
- underneath the temporal lobe
- communicates with multiple cortical regions
- it is responsible for determining what emotional content is correlated with an experience
what happens with loss of function in the amygdala?
- can diminish the ability to distinguish between bad and good things that affect our actions and decisions
what brain regions are important for motivation?
- basal ganglia --> nucleus accumbens
what brain regions are important for habit formation?
- basal ganglia --> caudate and putamen
what brain regions are important for starting and stopping an action?
- basal ganglia --> caudate and putamen
what disorder could someone maybe have if their starting actions are impaired?
what disorder could someone maybe have if their stopping actions are impaired?
what does the thalamus do?
a relay between cortical and subcortical regions
what does the hypothalamus do?
what areas of the brain produce a lot of dopamine?
the midbrain contains several small but mighty clusters of cells that release neurotransmitters all over the brain including dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine.
dopamine is not released for happiness, it is released to teach us how to motivate ourself to do the things that make us happy
what regions of the brain are part of the hindbrain?
- pons and medulla oblongata
- cerebellum
what do the pons and medulla oblongata do?
automate fundamental behaviors for life
what two things does the cerebellum do?
- makes us better at things, allows us to improve.
- important for fine motor skills regulation
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the deficits of someone with prosopagnosia?
- i have a lot of trouble recognizing when someone is happy or sad
- i can only recognize faces of close family members
- i can distinguish faces but have a hard time basing the identity of a person on their face
- i try to describe what i see, but i have great difficulty recognizing objects when i see them
i can distinguish faces but have a hard time basing the identity of a person on their face
a region of the _________ in the right hemisphere shows heightened activity levels when someone perceives upright faces
We find it rather difficult to recognize inverted faces because inversion changes the relationships among individual facial features.
true or false?