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B would increase heart rate, while C would decrease it. The circular structures shown within pathways B and C represent which of the following? rami ganglia Which of the following releases the neurotransmitter norepinephrine? terminus of a sympathetic postganglionic neuron terminus of a parasympathetic postganglionic neuron terminus of a somatic motor neuron terminus of a sympathetic preganglionic neuron terminus of a sympathetic postganglionic neuron The synapse in pathway B has several possible locations. Which of the following is NOT a possible location? the sympathetic chain the spinal cord Which of the following is a way in which the somatic and autonomic nervous systems are similar? Both systems share common effectors. Both systems elicit the same target organ responses to their neurotransmitters. Both systems share common efferent pathways. Both systems have ganglia in their motor pathways. None of the listed responses is correct. None of the listed responses is correct Concept Map: Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems All somatic motor neurons produce __________. only acetylcholine only acetylcholine Autonomic motor neurons __________. innervate
skeletal muscle utilize a two-neuron chain to reach their effectors Autonomic nerve fibers that increase heart rate, elevate blood pressure, induce dry mouth, and increase sweating do so primarily through the secretion of __________. both acetylcholine and epinephrine norepinephrine Myelination tends to be heaviest on which types of neurons? parasympathetic postganglionic neurons somatic motor neurons Where are ganglia of the parasympathetic division located? in chains on either side the spinal column within or near effector organs Outflow of the sympathetic division occurs from which regions of the CNS? cranial and sacral thoracic and lumbar Which organ receives major input from the sympathetic, but not parasympathetic, division? bladder skin Which of the letters in the figure indicates the vagus nerve? A A Which of the following statements is true of the group of fibers indicated by the letter D? D indicates fibers that mediate the long-lasting effects of the parasympathetic division. D indicates fibers that stimulate the release of acetylcholine into the blood stream from the adrenal gland. D indicates fibers that bypass collateral ganglia and terminate within the adrenal gland. All the listed statements regarding the fibers at D are correct. D indicates fibers that bypass collateral ganglia and terminate within the adrenal gland Which of the following is not an autonomic nervous system (ANS) function? increasing heart rate skeletal muscle reflex Which of the following is not associated with the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? energy conservation emergency action Which of these activities is most likely driven by parasympathetic innervation? fight-or-flight responses resting and digesting
Concept Map: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Responses What do the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions have in common? Most nerve fibers from both divisions innervate many of the same effectors. Most nerve fibers from both divisions share the same sites of origin. The preganglionic nerve fibers in both divisions are of similar length. The ganglia from both divisions are located in or near visceral organs. Most nerve fibers from both divisions innervate many of the same effectors. Most preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic system arise from which nerve pair? splanchnic vagus A normal response to sympathetic nervous system activation would most likely include the __________. constriction
of bronchioles inhibition of digestive system activity Which structure or organ is innervated exclusively by sympathetic fibers? heart arrector pili muscles Which division of the nervous system has long preganglionic neurons? somatic motor parasympathetic Which description is NOT consistent with the sympathetic division? ganglia close to the spinal cord most innervation from the vagus nerve ... What differentiates an autonomic reflex from a somatic reflex? a two-neuron motor pathway a two-neuron motor pathway Which of the following is an effect of norepinephrine binding to beta 2 adrenergic receptors? an increase in heart rate vasodilation You are designing a drug to reduce heart rate. Which receptor would you target that gives an inhibitory effect on the heart? α1 adrenergic receptors muscarinic receptors Which of the following target organs/systems is affected by the sympathetic nervous system but is NOT affected by the parasympathetic nervous system? salivary glands cellular metabolism Which of the following is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? hypothalamus hypothalamus What does the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system share in common?1 Parasympathetic Regulation of Heart Rate
Briefly, both the PNS and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) are involved in the moment-by-moment physiological changes triggered by environmental demands—changes in heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, and the like.
What are the similarities and differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for the “fight or flight” response during any potential danger. On the other hand, the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits the body from overworking and restores the body to a calm and composed state.
What is the relationship between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems quizlet?What is the relationship between the sympathetic + parasympathetic nervous systems? Both affect the same organs + tissues but in opposite ways. The sympathetic prepares the body to deal with stress/threat and the parasympathetic regulates and restores the body to regular function.
What is the common neurotransmitter for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?In the autonomic nervous system, acetylcholine (ACh) is the neurotransmitter in the preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. These are shown in Figure 11.2 as the red ACh in the ganglion.
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What do the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems share in common quizlet?
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