in psychological science, the influence of bodily sensations, gestures, and other states on cognitive preferences and judgments. Show illustrate how brain circuits that process our bodily sensations connect with brain circuits responsible for cognition. After holding a warm drink rather than a cold one, people are more likely to rate someone more warmly, feel closer to them, and behave more generously (IJzerman & Semin, 2009; Williams & Bargh, 2008). Physical warmth promotes social warmth. After being given the cold shoulder by others in an experiment, people judge the room as colder than do those treated warmly (Zhong & Leonardelli, 2008). Social exclusion literally feels cold. Holding a heavy rather than light clipboard makes job candidates seem more important. Holding rough objects makes social interactions seem more difficult (Ackerman et al., 2010). When leaning to the left—by sitting in a left-rather than right-leaning chair, squeezing a hand-grip with the left hand, or using a mouse with their left hand—people lean more left in their expressed political attitudes (Oppenheimer & Trail, 2010). Recommended textbook solutions
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Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology11th EditionElaine N. Marieb 613 solutions your brain constructs this perception of color in two stages. In the first stage, the lemon reflects light energy into your eyes, where it is transformed into neural messages. Three sets of cones, each sensitive to a different light frequency (red, blue, and green) process color. In this case, the light energy stimulates both red-sensitive and green-sensitive cones. In the second stage, opponent-process cells sensitive to paired opposites of color (red/green, yellow/blue, and black/white) evaluate the incoming neural messages as they pass through your optic nerve to the thalamus and visual cortex. When the yellow sensitive opponent-process cells are stimulated, you identify the lemon as yellow. Depth perception is our ability to see objects in 3D and judge distance. The visual cliff and other research demonstrate that many species perceive the world in 3D at, or very soon after, birth binocular cues such as retinal disparity, are depth cues that rely on info from both sides monocular cues (such as relative size, interposition, relative height, relative motion, linear perspective, and light and shadow) let us judge depth using info transmitted from only 1 eye As objects move, we assume that shrinking objects are retreating and enlarging objects are approaching. A quick succession of images on the retina can create an illusion of movement, as in stroboscopic movement or the phi phenomenon. Your brain construct this perception of color in two stages. In the first stage, the lemon reflects light energy into your eyes, where it is transformed into neural messages. Three sets of cones, each sensitive to a different light frequency (red, blue, and green) process color. In this case, the light energy stimulates both red sensitive and green sensitive cones. In the second stage, opponent process cells sensitive to paired opposites of color (red/green, yellow/blue, and black,white) evaluate the incoming neural messages as they pass through your optic nerve to the thalamus and visual cortex. When the yellow-sensitive opponent-process cells are stimulated, you identify the lemon as yellow. Taste and smell are chemical senses. Taste is a composite of five basic sensations—sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami—and of the aromas that interact with information from the taste receptor cells of the taste buds. There are no basic sensations for smell. We have some 5 million olfactory receptor cells, with about 350 different receptor proteins. Odor molecules trigger combinations of receptors, in patterns that the olfactory cortex interprets. The receptor cells send messages to the brain's olfactory bulb, then to the temporal lobe, and to parts of the limbic system. The influence of smell on our sense of taste is an example of sensory interaction. Embodied cognition is the influence of bodily sensations, gestures, and other states on cognitive preferences and judgments. Students also viewedWhat are the basic steps in transforming sounds waves into perceived sound?How We Perceive Sound. First Step: Sound waves travel through the outer ear. ... . Second Step: The vibration of the ear drum initiates movement of the three ear bones. ... . Third Step: The stapes then transmits the mechanical energy (carried by the bones) into the inner ear in the form of hydraulic energy.. What three steps are basic to all our sensory systems?All our senses perform three basic steps: They receive sensory stimulation, transform that stimula- tion into neural impulses, and deliver the neural information to our brain.
What is the process by which we receive transform and process stimuli?Sensation is the process by which we receive, transform, and process stimuli that impinge on our sensory organs into neural impulses, or signals, that the brain uses to create experiences of vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and so on.
What is the process that converts physical energy such as sound waves into neural signals?Transduction: the conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, this is the transformation of sights, sounds, and smells into neural impulses our brain can interpret. Wavelength: the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the next peak.
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What are the basic steps in transforming sound waves into perceived sound quizlet?
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