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What Are They?Most people would agree that few things impacted their school lives as much as their relationships with their peers—friends, acquaintances, or otherwise. Peer relationships play an important role in children’s school lives, and relationships with peers become even more influential as children enter adolescence. Research on positive peer relationships often distinguishes between friendship and peer acceptance. High-quality friendships involve not only companionship, but also caring, validation, and support. In addition to playing together, good friends feel comfortable opening up to each other and are motivated to resolve conflicts that arise. Peer acceptance, sometimes referred to by researchers as popularity, focuses on how much students like or like to play with their classmates, and has been found to affect students’ sense of belonging in school and their academic achievement. A 5th grade math teacher read a study that found that students’ math grades improve when they exhibit self-control and when they feel accepted by other students in the class. As a result, she has students practice mindfulness each morning to help develop their attention skills, and she creates a safe and welcoming classroom through cooperative problem-solving groups and regular class meetings so that students feel they belong and are connected to one another. Why Are They Important?Research shows that positive peer relationships benefit students in a myriad of ways, at school and in life. Both quantity and quality of relationships matter for kids.
Having one good friend can be enough.
Especially for adolescents, positive relationships with peers make a big difference in other areas of life.
Practice CollectionsPractices
36 Questions to Help Kids Make FriendsA fun, fast way for students to develop close friendships Middle School Multiple Sessions
A Moment for Me: A Self-Compassion Break for TeensStudents learn how to comfort themselves during stressful times. Middle School, High School ≤ 15 minutes
Acts of KindnessStudents draw and write about ways they have acted with kindness towards others. PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 30 minutes
Be the Change: Performing Acts of KindnessStudents identify ways they can practice “random acts of kindness.”
Behind Your BackFoster positive relationships by speaking kindly about someone “behind their back.” PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult ≤ 15 minutes
Carousel BrainstormingA cooperative learning technique that engages all students’ participation through movement, discussion, and communication of ideas. Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School, College ≤ 1 hour
Check for Understanding CircleUse the Circle process to encourage students to safely and respectfully share their level of understanding on an academic topic. Middle School, High School, College ≤ 30 minutes
Check-in Circle for Community BuildingUse the Circle process to build a sense of connection among students and staff by sharing moods, feelings, and moments of joy and pain. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult ≤ 30 minutes
Contemplative ReadingStudents read a text slowly and reflect on its personal meaning for them. Middle School, High School, College ≤ 30 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for Fifth GradeA routine for celebrating each student in your class Upper Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for First GradeA routine for celebrating each student in your class PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for Fourth GradeA routine for celebrating each student in your class Upper Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for KindergartenA routine for celebrating each student in your class PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for Second GradeA routine for celebrating each student in your class PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for Sixth GradeA routine for celebrating each student in your class Middle School ≤ 15 minutes
Cool Kid: An SEL Kernels Practice for Third GradeA routine for celebrating each student in your class Upper Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Crooked Circle: A Game for Building TrustA game involving balance and teamwork that helps build trust. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School ≤ 15 minutes
Designing the Classroom to Promote KindnessStudents provide input on changes that could be made to the classroom to subtly cue kind behavior. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 30 minutes
Encouraging Prosocial Actions in StudentsStudents engage in prosocial (kind, helpful) actions for ten days and reflect on the impact of their actions on themselves and others. Middle School, High School, College Multiple Sessions
Family BusinessTeachers and students create a safe space to develop strong relationships. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 15 minutes
Feeling Connected for StudentsStudents think about a time when they felt close to someone in order to foster a sense of belonging and well-being. Middle School, High School, College ≤ 15 minutes
Flow and TellIn this circle activity, students practice mindful speaking and mindful listening. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 15 minutes
Fostering Empathy Through Literature (Elementary Level)A list of discussion questions to help cultivate students’ empathy. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary ≤ 30 minutes
Fostering Empathy Through Literature (Middle School & High School)A list of discussion questions to help cultivate students’ empathy. Middle School, High School ≤ 30 minutes
Four CornersAn interactive learning strategy that helps students clarify their own ideas and hear other perspectives—while getting them out of their seats. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School, College ≤ 30 minutes
From Sympathy to ActionStudents think about the factors that encourage and discourage people to act when they confront suffering or injustice. High School, College ≤ 1 hour
Getting to Know Each Other Through DanceStudents practice their social skills with each other while learning a new dance move PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 30 minutes
Honesty Commitment for StudentsStrategies to encourage and help students practice honesty PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
I See You. Everyone Matters.Acknowledge the faces of everyone in your classroom or meeting to deepen a sense of group connection. High School, College, Adult ≤ 15 minutes
Kindness Art for StudentsMaking art about kindness inspires students to be caring and generous. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Kindness BuddyStudents get a secret kindness buddy to do a kind act for during the week. PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 30 minutes
Loving-Kindness for Someone You Care AboutStudents mentally send good wishes to someone who is important to them. Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 15 minutes
Make Fast FriendsStudents establish and build friendships with classmates in a safe way. Middle School ≤ 15 minutes
Meaningful Photos for StudentsStudents use photography or drawing to explore purpose and meaning in their lives. Middle School, High School, College Multiple Sessions
Music to Inspire KindnessMake music together to encourage generosity and helping behavior in young children. PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 15 minutes
Promoting Perspective-Taking Through the Use of LiteratureReview and expand your classroom or school library with books that represent diverse backgrounds. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 30 minutes
Put Down the Put-DownsCreate class community by brainstorming ways to stop put-downs. Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 1 hour
Random Acts of KindnessStudents practice kindness to increase their happiness PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School, College Multiple Sessions
Reading Ourselves Whole: A Contemplative Choral Reading MethodLead a brief choral reading practice that fosters community and connection. High School, College, Adult ≤ 15 minutes
Reflecting on SEL SkillsStudents discuss the SEL skills touched upon during the activity in which they have just participated. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School ≤ 15 minutes
Responding to DifferencesStudents explore how our beliefs about differences influence the ways in which we see and choose to interact with each other.
Seeing the Good in OthersStudents look for the good in others by acknowledging each other’s strengths. (Gratitude for Tweens and Teens Lesson 3) Middle School, High School ≤ 1 hour
Self-Care CircleUse the Circle process to encourage self-care among staff and students in all dimensions. Middle School, High School, College, Adult ≤ 30 minutes
Standing Up Against DiscriminationStudents explore real-world examples to help them identify peaceful ways to respond to discrimination. High School Multiple Sessions
SuperstarStudents build trust and inclusion through a quick and fun game that reveals their commonalities. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School ≤ 15 minutes
Supporting SEL at Grade-Level or Content Area Team MeetingsDiscussion prompts that guide teachers to reflect and collaborate on effective SEL implementation.
The SEL 3 Signature PracticesA tool for fostering a supportive and equitable classroom and school environment and for promoting SEL. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult
The Virtue of Good SenseStudents define and practice “good sense,” or the will and know-how to do the right thing. High School Multiple Sessions
Understanding Prejudice Through Paper Plate PortraitsStudents identify others' assumptions about them and then describe who they really are on the inside. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary ≤ 1 hour
What Friends DoStudents learn how kindness and gratitude strengthen friendships through Splat the Cat. PreK/Lower Elementary ≤ 30 minutes
What's the Tint of Your Glasses?Students learn how our different backgrounds give us different perspectives. Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School ≤ 1 hour
Where We StandStudents examine how they face everyday moral dilemmas and consider who and what influences their reactions when conflicts arise. Upper Elementary, Middle School ≤ 1 hour
Who Are Your Heroes?Through stories, discussion, and creative presentations about true heroes, students foster their compassion for others and see brave community involvement as an admirable, heroic way of life. PreK/Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary, Middle School, High School Multiple Sessions “’You have been my friend,’ replied Charlotte. ‘That in itself is a tremendous thing.’” What are positive peer relationships?High-quality friendships involve not only companionship, but also caring, validation, and support. In addition to playing together, good friends feel comfortable opening up to each other and are motivated to resolve conflicts that arise.
What major developments occur in peer relations during middle childhood?Emotional/Social Changes
Children in this age group might: Start to form stronger, more complex friendships and peer relationships. It becomes more emotionally important to have friends, especially of the same sex. Experience more peer pressure.
What are examples of peer relationships?As we have seen, research shows that peer connections can have a huge influence on a child's development.. Getting a friend's attention.. Sharing objects.. Asking peers to share objects.. Providing a play idea to a peer.. Saying something nice to a friend.. In which of the following stage peer relations are very important?Students of child development have always drawn attention to the importance of peers, especially in adolescence, when peers may facilitate each other's antisocial behaviour. It has often been assumed that peers are less important in early childhood, when relationships with family members are more influential.
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Positive peer relations in childhood have been linked to which of the following in adulthood
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