Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.

the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information

the processing of information into the memory system *by extracting meaning)

the retention of encoded information over time

to bring back from memory

The first of three memory stages, preserving brief memory for a couple of seconds

activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences

short-term storage of information being actively processed

unconscious encoding of incidental information such as space, time, and frequency, and of well learned information such as word meanings.

encoding that requires attention and conscious effort

Deliberate effort to retain material in short term memor. Keeps info active in short-term memory. Helps transfer info to long-term memory

we retain information better when we rehearse over time

our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

the encoding of picture images

the encoding of sounds, especially the sound of words

the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words.

mental pictures/ a powerful aid to effortful processing especially when combined with semantic encoding

memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically

A fast-decaying store of visual information.

A fast-decaying store of auditory information.

long-term potentiation (LTP)

an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be neural basis for learning and memory

a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

retention independent of conscious recollection

memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare"

a neural center that is located in the limbic system and helps process explicit memories for storage

a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill in the blank test

a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple choice test

a memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time

the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory

false sense that you have already experienced a current situation

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood

when prior information inhibits the ability to remember new information

the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information

in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories

incorporation misleading information into one's memory of an event

attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined.

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