Kelly is hungry, and this inner force is making him search for the type of food

Q. Which of the following would be the best illustration of a subculture? A) a religion B) a group of close friends C) your university D) a fraternity or sorority Ans: A

Q. The relatively homogeneous and enduring divisions in a society, which are hierarchically ordered and whose members share similar values, interests, and behavior constitute ________. A) a culture B) a subculture C) a social class D) a family Ans: A

Q. A person's ________ consist(s) of all the groups that have a direct (face-to-face) or indirect influence on his/her attitudes or behavior. A) subculture B) family C) social class D) reference groups Ans: D

Q. Social classes differ in media preferences, with upper-class consumers often preferring ________ and lower-class consumers often preferring television. A) movies B) radio C) video or computer games D) magazines and books Ans: D

Q. The family in a buyers life consisting of parents and siblings is the ________. A) family of procreation B) family of influence C) family of efficiency D) family of orientation Ans: D

Q. Purchasing family when Gary was a high school student, he enjoyed rock music and regularly purchased hip clothing sported by his favorite rock band. However, five years later, when Gary became an accountant, his preference shifted toward formal clothing. Which of the following personal characteristics is likely to have had the most influence on Gary's preferences during his high school days? A) education B) age C) income D) gender Ans: B

Q. Marriage, childbirth, and divorce constitute the ________ that shape the consumption pattern of individuals. A) psychological life cycle B) product life cycle C) social status D) critical life events Ans: D

Q. Identify an economic circumstance that can greatly affect any product or brand choice. A) retirement B) values C) lifestyle D) borrowing power Ans: D

Q. At the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs (shown as a pyramid in the text) are ________ needs. A) esteem B) self-actualization C) social D) safety ANS: B

Q. As Rita scans the yellow pages section of her phone book looking for a florist, she sees several other products and services advertised. Though interesting on first glance, she quickly returns to her primary task of finding a florist. The items that distracted her from her initial search were most likely stored in which of the following types of memory? A) Short-term memory B) Long-term memory C) Middle memory D) Subconscious memory Ans: A

Q. All those factors particular to a time and place that do not follow from knowledge of the stable attributes of the consumer and the stimulus and that have an effect on current behavior are known as _____. A) situational influence B) motivators C) consumption triggers D) consumption influencers Ans: A

Q. Which of the following also includes a situation-specific component? A) personality B) self-concept C) involvement D) demographics Ans: C

Q. Which of the following is a situation in which consumer behavior occurs? A) communications situation B) purchase situation C) usage situation D) All of the above Ans: D

Q. Which of the following is NOT a situation in which consumer behavior occurs? A) communications situation B) purchase situation C) usage situation D) all of the above are situations in which consumer behavior occurs Ans: D

Q. The headline for the Rockport shoes ad reads, “I'm comfortable being the greatest that ever was or will be. Be comfortable. Uncompromised. Start with your feet.” The ad shows a picture of Muhammad Ali, world famous boxer. In terms of Maslow's hierarchy, this ad was designed to appeal to the consumer's _______________. A) Psychological needs B) Need for esteem C) Safety needs D) Self-actualization needs Ans: C

Q. Understanding of consumer needs and then develops a marketing mix to satisfy these needs. A) The marketing concept B) The strategic plan C) The product influences D) The price influences Ans: A

Q. In large nations, the population is bound to lose a lot of its homogeneity, and thus _________________ arise. A) Multilingual needs B) Cultures C) Subcultures D) Product adaptation requirements Ans: C

Q. _______________ are based on such things as geographic areas, religions, nationalities, ethnic groups, and age. A) Multilingual needs B) Cultures C) Subcultures D) Product adaptation requirements Ans: C

Q. Marketing managers should adapt the marketing mix to ___________________ and constantly monitor value changes and differences in both domestic and global markets. A) Sales strategies B) Marketing concepts C) Cultural values D) Brand images Ans: C

Q. _____________ has become increasingly important for developing a marketing strategy in recent years. A) Change in consumers’ attitudes B) Inflation of the dollar C) The concept and the brand D) Age groups, such as the teen market, baby boomers, and the mature market Ans: D

Q. Which of the following is an example of a social influence on consumer behavior? A) The fashion editor of Seventeen magazines writes that any teen who wants to be well-dressed for the first day of school must wear a shirt that shows her bellybutton B) The manufacturer of a line of aromatherapy candles markets them at very exclusive stores C) When Arne went to the store to buy a new dress for Easter, she decided not to buy anything because of the crowded conditions of the store D) Billie purchased a pair of Honey brand clogs instead of the Birkenstocks she wanted because the Birkenstocks were too expensive Ans: A

Q. Which of the following is the most valuable piece of information for determining the social class of your best friend's parents? A) The number of years schooling that they had B) Their ethnic backgrounds C) Their combined annual income D) Their occupations Ans: D

Q. Many sub cultural barriers are decreasing because of mass communication, mass transit, and ________________ A) The rising unemployment situation B) An influence of political power C) The use of new technology D) A decline in the influence of religious values Ans: C Q. Different social classes tend to have different attitudinal configurations and _______ that influence the behavior of individual members. A) Personalities B) Values C) Finances D) Decision makers Ans: B

Q. __________ are factors that have been shown to affect consumer behavior. A) Brand name, quality, newness, and complexity B) Advertising, marketing, product, and price C) Outlets, strategies, concept, and brand name D) Quality, advertising, product positioning, and strategy Ans: A

Q. The reason that higher prices may not affect consumer buying is _______________. A) Most consumers prefer brand names which have higher prices B) 70% of the total population looks for quality services and is willing to pay higher prices C) Consumers believe that higher prices indicate higher quality or prestige D) Most consumers feel that the price is actually affordable Ans: C

Q. ___________ are the groups that individuals look to when forming attitudes and opinions. A) Reference groups B) Teenage groups C) Religious groups D) Adult groups Ans: A

Q. Secondary reference groups include ________________. A) Family and close friends B) Sports groups C) Ethnic and religious groups D) Fraternal organizations and professional associations Ans: D

Q. When preparing Thanksgiving dinner last year, Marissa worried that her parents would hate the fact that she served bought pumpkin pies rather than making her own. In terms of social influences on her behavior, Marissa was most concerned with_________________. A) A primary reference group B) A subculture influence C) A secondary reference group D) Cultural values Ans: A

Q. As the mother of the groom, Ann was willing to wear the subdued-colored, tailored suit that the bride had selected for the wedding until the sales clerk showed Ann a red off- the-shoulder cocktail dress. Because the sales clerk kept telling Ann how great the dress looked and because the price of the dress was substantially lower than the suit Ann bought the dress to wear to the wedding. Assuming Ann really likes her son's fiancée and does not want to do anything to damage her relationship with him or his bride, Ann's decision to buy the red dress was a result of ________________ influences. A) Economic B) Marketing C) Reference group D) Cultural Ans: B

Q. Sales of 40 to 75 percent off on merchandise at Kmart stores that were being closed led many consumers who had not shopped at Kmart stores in a long time return to look for bargains. ____________ influences led to these bargain-hunters revisiting Kmart stores. A) Antecedent B) Economic C) Infrastructural D) Marketing Ans: D

Q. The price of products and services often influence whether _______________, and, if so, which competitive offering is selected. A) Consumers will purchase them at all B) Consumers see a need to buy C) Consumers will decide to buy immediately D) People would recommend the product Ans: A

Q. ________ can influence the consumers’ thoughts about products. A) Marketing and popularity B) Advertising, sales promotions, salespeople, and publicity C) Sales promotion, popularity, and marketing D) Billboards Ans: B

Q. Marketing communications play a critical role in informing consumers about _____________ including where they can be purchased and in creating favorable images and perceptions. A) Buying their products B) Price reductions C) Products and services D) The advantage over competition Ans: C

Q. Marketers can create brand equity ______________. A) By selling them in prestigious outlets B) By overpricing the product C) Preparing comparative information about competitive brands D) By making the products available in all locations Ans: A

Q. Product involvement refers to ____________ or personal relevance of an item. A) A consumer’s perception of the importance B) The need of the product C) The price the product D) The amount of people who bought the product Ans: A

Q. If the purchase is for a high-involvement product, consumers are likely to develop a high degree of ________________ so that they can be confident that the item they purchase is just right for them. A) Brand loyalty B) Society C) Product knowledge D) References Ans: C

Q. Many people waited weeks in the line for tickets to the latest Star Wars movies so they could be in the movie's first seating. Most people don't plan their movie ticket purchases more than a week in advance would prefer not to see a movie in a really crowded theater. Which situational influence explains why different people place such importance on being the first to see a movie? A) Its marketing mix B) Task features C) Physical features D) Social features Ans: B Q. Because Carter was tired, he decided to go in the restaurant and order a cool drink a big piece of chocolate pie. Which situational influence most likely caused Carter's behavior? A) Task features B) Social features C) Current conditions D) Physical features Ans: C

Q. The energizing force that activates behavior and provides purpose and direction to that behavior is known as _____. A) motivation B) personality C) emotion D) perception Ans: A

Q. Which of the following reflects the relatively stable behavioral tendencies that individuals display across a variety of situations? A) motivation B) personality C) emotion D) perception Ans: A

Q. A major reason for the changing traditional purchasing roles for families is that: A) the economic conditions are forcing more teens to work. B) more women than ever hold jobs outside the home. C) children are spending more time on the Web. D) men and women now shop together or “shop until you drop” for entertainment purposes. Ans: B

Q. The stages through which families might pass as they mature over time is a A) description of what is called the: B) adoption process. C) lifestyle cycle. D) Values and Lifestyle (VALS) topology. Ans: D

Q. ______________ is(are) a person’s unique psychological characteristics that lead t o relatively consistent and lasting responses to his or her own environment. A) Psychographics B) Personality C) Demographics D) Lifestyle Ans: B

Q. The basic premise of the _____________ is that people’s possessions contribute to and reflect their identities; that is, “we are what we have.” A) lifestyle concept B) self-concept C) personality concept D) cognitive concept Ans: B

Q. A _____________ is a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct the person to seek satisfaction of the need. A) motive B) want C) demand D) requirement Ans: A

Q. A good synonym for motive is a(n) _____________. A) omen B) need C) drive D) cue Ans: D

Q. Kelly is hungry, and this inner force is making him search for the type of food he wants to eat. He decides that an Arby's roast beef sandwich will satisfy his hunger. This inner force that is compelling him to search for food is known as a(n) _____. A) motive B) personality trait C) emotion D) perception Ans: A

Q. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is based on which premise? A) All humans acquire a similar set of motives through genetic endowment and social interaction. B) Some motives are more basic or critical than others. C) The more basic motives must be satisfied to a minimum level before other motives are activated. D) all of the above Ans: D

Q. Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes all EXCEPT which of the following? A) cognition B) physiological C) safety D) belongingness Ans: A

Q. In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, food, water, sleep, and to an extent, sex, are considered _____ motives. A) safety B) self-actualization C) physiological D) belongingness Ans: C

Q. Smoke detectors, preventive medicines, insurance, retirement investments, seat belts, burglar alarms, and sunscreen are all examples of products to satisfy consumers' _____ needs. A) safety B) self-actualization C) physiological D) belongingness Ans: A

Q. Which need in Maslow's hierarchy reflects a desire for love, friendship, affiliation, and group acceptance? A) safety B) self-actualization C) physiological D) belongingness Ans: D

Q. Which of Maslow's needs reflects individuals' desires for status, superiority, self- respect, and prestige? A) safety B) self-actualization C) physiological D) esteem Ans: D

Q. Which of Maslow's needs involves the desire for self-fulfillment, to become all that one is capable of becoming? A) safety B) self-actualization C) physiological D) belongingness Ans: B

Which construct represents an unobservable inner force?

Which of Maslow's needs reflects individual desires for status superiority and prestige?

Which motives reflect needs for observable cues or symbols that enable people to infer what they feel and know?

Which need in Maslow's hierarchy reflects a desire for love?