Approach that features the study and careful measurement of observable actions by an organism

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What is the approach to psychology that saw behavior as purposeful and contributing to survival?
What is the study of observable behavior?
Which type of theory focuses on observable behavior?
What is the scientific study of observable actions?

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terms

Question	Answer
The scientific study of behavior and mental process	Psychology
An empirical investigation that is structured so that it answers questions about the world	Scientific observation
A systematic approach to answering scientific questions	Research Method
In research, an animal whose behavior is used to derive principles that may apply to human behavior.	Animal model
In scientific research, the process of naming and classifying	Description
In psychology, understanding is achieved when the causes of a behavior can be stated	Understanding
An ability to accurately forecast behavior.	Prediction
Altering conditions that influence behavior.	Control
An ability to evaluate, compare, analyze, critique, synthesize, and reflect on information.	Critical thinking
Any false and unscientific system of beliefs and practices that is offered as an explanation of behavior.	Pseudopsychology
The tendency to believe generally positive or flattering descriptions of oneself.	Uncritical acceptance
The tendency to remember or notice information that fits one's expectations, while forgetting discrepancies.	Fallacy of positive instances
The tendency to consider a personal description accurate if it is stated in very general terms.	Barnum effect
A form of critical thinking based on careful measurement and controlled observation.	Scientific method
The predicted outcome of an experiment or an educated guess about the relationship between variables.	Hypothesis
Defining a scientific concept by stating the specific actions or procedures used to measure it. For example, "hunger" might be defined as "the number of hours of food deprivation."	Operational definition
A system of ideas designed to interrelate concepts and facts in a way that summarizes existing data and predicts future observations.	Theory
Any physical energy sensed by an organism.	Stimulus
To look within, to examine ones's own thoughts, feelings or sensations.	Introspection
The school of though concerned with analyzing sensations and personal experience into basic elements.	Structuralism
The school of psychology concerned with how behavior and mental abilities help people adapt to environments.	Functionalism
Darwin's theory that evolution favors those plants best suited to the living conditions.	Natural selection
The school of psychology that emphasizes the study of overt observable behavior.	Behaviorism
Any muscular action, glandular activity, or othe identifiable aspect of behavior.	Response
An approach that combines behavioral principles with cognition (perception, thinking, anticipation) to explain behavior.	Cognitive behaviorism
A school of psychology emphasizing the study of thing, learning, and perception in whole units, not by analysis into parts.	Gestalt psychology
Contents of the mind that are beyond awareness, especially impulses and desires not directly known to a person.	Unconscious
The unconscious process by which memories, thoughts, or impulses are held out of awareness.	Repression
A Freudian approach to psychotherapy emphasizing the exploration of unconscious conflicts.	Psychoanalysis
A psychologist who accepts the broad features of Freud's theory bbut has revised the theory to fit his or her own concepts.	Neo-Freudian
Any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces.	Psychodynamic theory
An approach to psychology that focuses on human experience, problems, potentials, and ideals.	Humanism
The idea that all behavior has prior causes that would completely explain ones's choices and actions if all such causes were known.	Determiism
The idea that human beings are capable of freely making choices or decisions.	Free will
The ongoing process of fully developing one's personal potential.	Self-actualization
The attempt to explain behavior in terms of underlying biological principles.	Biological perspective
The traditional view that behavior is shaped by psychological processes occurring at the level of the individual.	Psychological perspective
The study of human stregths, virtues, and effective functioning.	Positive psychology
The focus on the importance of social and cultural contexts in influencing the behavior of individuals.	Sociocultural perspective
The ideal that behavior must be judged relative to the values of the culture in which it occurs.	Cultural relativity
Rules that define acceptabe and expected behavior for members of a group.	Social norms
A person highly trained in the methods, factual knowledge, and theories of psychology.	Psychologist
A psychologist who specializes in the treatment of psychological and behavioral disturbances or who does research on such disturbances.	Clinical psychologist
A psychologist who specializes in the treatment of milder emotion and behavioral disturbances.	Counseling psychologist
A medical doctor with additional training in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders.	Psychiatrist
A mental health professional (usually a medical doctor) trained to practice psychoanalysis.	Psychoanalyst
A mental health professional who specializes in helping people with problems not involving serious mental disorder; for example, marriage counselors, career counselors, or school counselors.	Counselor
A mental health professional trained to apply social science principles to help patients in clinics and hospitals.	Psychiatric social worker
A formal trial undertaken to confrim or disconfirm a hypothesis about cause and effect.	Experiment
Humans (also referred to as subjects or participants) or animals whose behavior is investigated in an experiment.	Experimental subjects
Any condition that changes or can be made to change, a measure, even, or state that may vary.	Variable
In an experiment, the condition (usually a behavior) that is affected by the independent variable.	Dependent variable
Conditions or factors excluded from influencing the outcome of an experiment.	Extraneous variables
In a controlled experiment, the group of subjects exposed to the independent variable or experimental condition.	Experimental group
In a controlled experiment, the group of subjects exposed to all experimental conditions or variable except the independent variable.	Control group
The use of chance (for example, flipping a coin) to assign subjects to experimental and control groups.	Random assignment
An inactive substance given in the place of a drug in psychological research or by physicians who wish to treat a complaint by suggestion.	Placebo
Changes in behavior due to expectations that a drug (or treatment) will have some effect.	Placebo effect
An arrangement in which participants remain un-aware of whether they are in the experimental group or the control group.	Single-blind experiment
Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions.	Experimenter effect
A prediction that propts people to act in ways that make the prediction come true.	Self-fullfilling prophecy
An arrangement in which both participants and experimenters are unaware of whether participants are in the experimental group or the control group	Double-blind experiment
Investigating causes of behavior through controlled exprimentation.	Experimental method
Observing behavior as it unfolds in natural settings.	Naturalistic observation
Making measurements to discoverr relationships between events.	Correlational method
Studying psychological problems and therapies in clinical settings.	Clinical Method
Using questionaires and surveys to poll large groups of people.	Survey method
Changes in a person's behavior brought about by an awareness of being observed.	Observer effect
The tendency of an observer to distort observations or perceptions to match his or her expectations.	Observer bias
The error of attributing human thoughts, feelings, or motives to animals, especially as a way of explaining their behavior.	Anthropomorphic error
A detailed summary of observed events or a videotape of observed behavior.	Observational record
The existence of a consistent, systematic relationship between two events, measures, or variable.	Correlation
A nonexperimental study designed to measure the degree of relationship (if any) between two or more events, measures, or variable.	Correlational study
A statistical index ranging from-1.00 to +1.00 that indicates the direction and degree of correlation.	Coefficient of correlation

What is the approach to psychology that saw behavior as purposeful and contributing to survival?

Cards In This Set.

What is the study of observable behavior?

Behavioral psychology, or behaviorism, is a theory suggesting that environment shapes human behavior. In a most basic sense, behavioral psychology is the study and analysis of observable behavior. This field of psychology influenced thought heavily throughout the middle of the 20th century.

Which type of theory focuses on observable behavior?

Definition. Behaviorism is a learning theory that only focuses on objectively observable behaviors and discounts any independent activities of the mind. Behavior theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new behavior based on environmental conditions.

What is the scientific study of observable actions?

Psychology is the scientific study of human and animal behavior, which includes both observable actions (such as eating and speaking) and mental activities (such as remembering and imagining).

Approach that features the study and careful measurement of observable actions by an organism

terms

What is the approach to psychology that saw behavior as purposeful and contributing to survival?

What is the study of observable behavior?

Which type of theory focuses on observable behavior?

What is the scientific study of observable actions?

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