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Terms in this set (48)
platform
the operating system a computer uses
cross-platform application
an application that runs the same on multiple operating systems
warm boot
refers to the process of restarting a computer or mobile device while it remains powered on
cold boot
refers to the process of starting a computer or mobile device from a state when it is powered off completely
GUI (graphical user interface)
you interact with menus and visual images by touching, pointing, tapping, or clicking buttons and other objects to issue commands
sleep mode
saves any open documents and running apps to memory, turns off all unneeded functions and then places the computer in a low-power state
hibernate mode
saves any open documents and running programs or apps to an internal hard drive before removing power from the computer or device
memory resident
which means it remains in memory while the computer or mobile device is running
nonresident
remain on a storage medium until they are needed, at which time they transfer to memory
command-line interface
a user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
command language
the set of commands used to control actions
multitasking operating system
allows two or more programs or apps to reside in memory at the same time
single tasking operating system
allows only one program or app to run at a time
foreground
active program
background
program running but not in use
touch user interface
a graphical user interface designed for touch input
multiuser operating system
enables two or more users to run programs simultaneously
virtual memory
the operating system allocates a portion of a storage medium, to function as additional RAM
swap file
the area of the hard disk used for virtual memory because it swaps data, info, and instructions between memory and storage
paging
the technique of swapping items between memory and storage
thrashing
when an operating system spends much of its time paging, instead of executing application software
buffer
a segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred from input device to an output device
spooling
sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer
print spooler
interprets documents to be printed from the operating system and places them in a queue
queue
where multiple documents line up in the buffer
driver
small program that tells the operating system, how to communicate with a specific device
performance monitor
the program that accesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
automatic update
features that regularly provide new features or corrections to the program
network administrator
the person overseeing network operation, uses the server operating system to add and remove users, computers, and other devices to and from the network
permissions
define who can access certain resources and when they can access those resources
password
a private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computers, mobile devices or network resources
device-dependant program
one that run only on a specific type or make of computer or mobile device
proprietary software
privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer or device model
device-independent
runs on computers and mobile devices provided by a variety of manufacturers
upward compatibile
may or may not run on new versions of the operating system
backward compatible
they recognize and work with applications written for an earlier version of the operating system
desktop operating system
sometimes called a stand-alone operating system, is a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets
client operating system
desktop operating systems are called this because they also work in conjunction with a server operating system
ribbon
consists of tabs, groups, and commands that provide access to tasks
status bar
presents information about documents, progress of certain tasks, status of certain command and keys, and controls for viewing documents
charms bar
a toolbar that includes buttons that display menus for managing files, apps and program settings
UNIX
a multitasking operating system developed in early 1970
Linux
a popular multitasking operating system that runs on a variety of personal computers, servers, and devices
Chrome OS
a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps
chromebook
a specialized laptop that runs Chrome OS
server operating system
a multiuser operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access ad share resources on a network
virtualization
the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as servers or storage devices
android
an open source, Linux-based mobile operating system designed by Google for smartphones and tablets
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