Presentation on theme: "Unit 5 (C): Hypnosis Mr. McCormick A.P. Psychology."— Presentation transcript:
1 Unit 5 (C): Hypnosis Mr. McCormick A.P. Psychology
2 Do-Now (Discussion) What is hypnosis? How effective do you think it is?
3 Hypnosis Hypnosis: A social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
4 Hypnosis Hypnos: Greek God of Sleep
5 Hypnosis What kind of individuals can most easily experience the full effects of hypnosis?
6
Hypnosis Can hypnosis force people to act against their will?
7 Hypnosis: Facts and Falsehood Those who practice hypnosis agree that its power resides in the subject’s openness to suggestion. Can anyone experience hypnosis? Yes, to some
extent. Can hypnosis enhance recall of forgotten events? No.
8 Hypnosis: Facts and Falsehood Can hypnosis be therapeutic? Yes. Self-suggestion can heal too. Can hypnosis alleviate pain? Yes. Lamaze can do that too. Can hypnosis force people to act against their will? No.
9 Hypnosis Hypnosis may begin with putting the patient in a trance
10 Hypnosis in Therapy Posthypnotic Suggestion: A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer
hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors E.g. Helping clients quit smoking
11 Hypnosis in Therapy What are some other examples of posthypnotic suggests that hypnotherapists might use? might use?
12 Explaining
the Hypnotized State Hypnosis can be explained by biological, psychological, and social-cultural influences Social Influence Theory: Hypnotic subjects may simply be imaginative actors playing a social role Divided Consciousness Theory: Hypnosis is a special state of dissociated (divided) consciousness Similar to “doodling” while listening to a teacher
13 Explaining the Hypnotized State
14 Review What is hypnosis and what are some of its purposes? How do hypnotherapists put patients into a state of hypnosis? How
do psychologists know that hypnosis cannot enable patients to recall forgotten events? Differentiate between the Divided-Consciousness Theory and the Social Influence Theory of Hypnosis.
15 Homework Unit 5 Quiz: “States of Consciousness” Research
Study Response #8: “Acting as if You Are Hypnotized” (Pgs. 56-64) Unit 5 Test: “States of Consciousness” Chapter 7 Outline: “Learning”
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Consciousness | our awareness of ourselves and our environment |
circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle. |
REM sleep | a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active. |
alpha waves | the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. |
sleep | periodic, natural loss of consciousness—as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. |
Hallucinations | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. |
delta waves | the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep. |
NREM sleep | encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep. |
insomnia | recurring problems in falling or staying asleep. |
narcolepsy | a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. |
sleep apnea | a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. |
night terrors | a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. |
dream | a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind; are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the person's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it. |
manifest content | according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream |
latent content | according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream |
REM rebound | the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep). |
hypnosis | a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. |
posthypnotic suggestion | a idea, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors. |
dissociation | a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. |
psychoactive drug | a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods. |
withdrawal | the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug. |
addiction | compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences. |
tolerance | the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect. |
depressants | drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. |
psychological dependence | the need to use a non-addictive drug, such as to relieve negative emotions |
physical dependence | the body's biological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued. |
stimulants | category of drugs (includes caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. |
amphetamines | synthetic man-made drug that stimulates neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes. |
THC | the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations. |
Ecstasy (MDMA) | a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy by triggering release of stored serotonin, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition. |
hallucinogens | category of psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. |
LSD | acid - a powerful hallucinogenic drug that is similar to serotonin |
near-death experience | an altered state of consciousness reported to be similar to drug-induced hallucinations that often involves visions of bright lights or out of body experiences. |
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